Descriptif

CO2 emissions reduction: substitution paths, CCUS and negative CO2

emissions

1. Bossanne (IFP School – PEC), J.P. Deflandre (IFP School Affiliate

Professor), Carlos Andrade (IFPEN)

Eligibility/Pre-requisites: Basic knowledge in:

- thermodynamics, chemical reaction, distillation, heat exchange

- geosciences

Learning outcomes: After the course the student should be able to:

- describe the main CO2 management challenges

- state on the benefit of renewable-sourced materials for substitution to the use of fossil

fuels

- design the main steps of a Carbon Capture and Storage project including a focus on the

different capture routes (post-combustion, pre-combustion and oxy-fuel combustion) and

the way to permanently store CO2 underground (storage site selection and monitoring).

- present the various technologies that have been developed to recover the energy content

of low temperature streams, in particular the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) and the Kalina

cycle.

- restitute the economics issues such as the societal ones, engineers and economists have to

deal with for a sustainable deployment of technological solutions to manage anthropogenic

carbon emissions by 2050.

COURSE CONTENT

The course is divided in three blocs dedicated to CO2 substitution paths, and Carbon Capture

Utilization and Storage with both technical and economic aspects. It will also refer to the

concept of negative CO2 emissions.

1. CO2 management introduction, carbon budget towards a sustainable development (J.P.

Deflandre)

- Primary energy demand

- Constraints on the demand

- Meeting demand with a decarbonized energy mix

- CO2 management

- Societal perception issues

2. CO2 capture technologies: principle (D. Bossanne)

- Anthropogenic CO2 sources, CO2 capture and energy penalty

- Post-combustion capture technologies

- Pre-combustion capture technologies

- Oxy-combustion capture technologies

3. CO2 capture technologies: application examples (D. Bossanne)

- Chemical absorption: sizing of a CO2 absorber

- A phase change solvent for post-combustion CO2 capture

- Chemical loop combustion, a promising concept with challenging development

4. Energy efficiency: waste heat recovery (D. Bossanne)

- CO2 capture and waste heat recovery

- Comparison of low temperature waste heat recovery methods

- Waste heat recovery from flue gas: case study

5. CO2 geological storage part 1 (J.P. Deflandre)

- CO2 underground: a fact

- CO2 geological storage options and requirements, analogies and differences with

natural gas storage.

- State of art and deployment workflow

- Scientific / technical challenges and bottlenecks (Economics and public perception

issues)

6. CO2 storage part 2 (J.P. Deflandre)

- Modelling and monitoring issues based on field case examples

- Mapping CO2 migration and storage at Sleipner: combining reservoir pressure

modelling and time-lapse seismic interpretation

- Injection pressure issues at Snohvit and In Salah

- Validation of pressure reservoir modelling at In Salah (combining reservoir pressure

and geomechanical modeling together with site monitoring)

7. The role of prospective modeling in the decarbonization of industry sectors (C.

Andrade)

The course will introduce the prospective approach to exploring the decarbonization of the

energy sector. It will then provide an overview of modeling tools used in prospective studies.

Finally, it will present examples of how prospective modeling is applied to analyze the

decarbonization of the industrial sector, including recommendations from the IPCC and

research findings from the CarMa Chair.

Notion of Prospective Modeling: What does it mean for industry decarbonization?

Systemic approach by using Time Integrated Models for CCS / BECCS evaluations

Application cases from CarMa researches

8. CO2 emissions reduction: natural gas substitution approach (D. Bossanne)

- The scene: natural gas supply chain and GHG emissions.

- Natural gas substitution: biogas (1st generation), synthetic gas from biomass (2nd

generation), Power to Gas (PTG) and methanation: production scheme and use

- GHG accounting: biomethane leakages and biogenic CO2 emissions

- Panel of solutions for moving from carbon-neutral to carbon-negative emissions

9. CO2 emissions reduction: decarbonizing the Industry (project): self-guided work session
10. Project restitution

The evaluation is based on a team project work including the oral presentation of the

project, a 10 to 15-page report and an individual participation mark.

The project can be proposed by the team itself or by the academic team.

Project aims at considering a CO2 management integrated scenario and it may cover most of

the lecturing topics. The project can be limited to a specific regional area considering its

own specificities or it can tackle a large-scale objective. In all case it may consider both the

technical and economic aspects but also the societal ones.

Last but not least, each project presentation is performed in the presence of all the

students and will be debate by the whole group. In other words, the evaluation first aims

at enhancing the debate on managing CO2 more than delivering a mark. It is fully a

pedagogical step of this lecture program.