Descriptif

Recommended:PHY102,PHY107,
PHY201,PHY204,PHY205,PHY206
Condensed matter physics deals with the
description of the physical properties of
matter when the interaction between its
constituants are very strong. This is typically
the case for materials and devices.
It covers a very large field of knowledges
that encompasses electric, thermal, chemical,
magnetic, and mechanical properties,
and all the combinations of these
properties, in solids.
From the technological point of view,
condensed matter physics have brought
some major discoveries and new developments:
electronic devices, sensors,
actuators, transductors, power generation
devices, energy storage, to name but a few.
This domain of physics is based on two
different and complementary approaches.
A first approach starts from the quantum
microscopic constituants and describes
statistically the macroscopic
consequences. The second is a phenomenological
macroscopic description based
on general principles of thermodynamics
and symmetries. The complementarity of
both approaches will be established for
systems at thermal equilibrium in the 6th
semester lecture PHY305.
The goal of this lecture is to give an
overview of the concepts, methods and
applications, with a particular emphasis
on the non-equilibrium thermodynamic
approach of transport phenomena (electric,
thermal, thermoelectric, magnetic…).
The lectures are focused on the
understanding of technologically important
problems.
The following topics will be covered:
❯ Crystal structures and symmetries.
Structural characterization of solids.
❯ Introduction to quantum theory of
solids.
❯ Macroscopic approach: first principles
of thermodynamics. Transport coefficients,
and Onsager reciprocity relations.
Conservation laws.
❯ Electric transport properties in metal
and semiconductors. Thermoelectric
effects. Hall effects, Nernst effects,
magnetoresistance.
❯ Kinetics of magnetization: the Landau-
Lifshitz-Gilbert equation, hysteresis
loops and thermal activation.
❯ Kinetics of defects in solids.
❯ Standard anelastic solids
(viscoelasticity).